The Beluga Whale, the Little Whale That Loves to Sing

The beloved beluga whale is known as the canary of the sea for its repertoire of songs. Beluga whales live mainly in colder seas, and get their name from the Russian word bielo for white.   Why Do Beluga Whales Sing? Beluga whales are extremely social creatures, like their close cousins, the dolphins and porpoises. A pod (group) of belugas can number in the hundreds. They migrate and hunt together, often in murky seas under the ice. Beluga whales communicate with each other in these tough conditions by singing. The beluga whale has a melon-shaped structure on the top of its head that enables it to produce and direct sounds. It can make an astounding array of different noises, from whistles to chirps and everything in between. Captive belugas have even learned to mimic human voices. In the wild, beluga whales use their songs to talk to other members of their pod. Theyre equipped with well-developed hearing, so the back and forth between whales   in a group can get quite chatty. Belugas also use their melon for echolocation, using sound to help them navigate in dark waters where visibility may be limited. What Do Beluga Whales Look Like? The beluga whale is easy to identify by its distinctive white color and humorously bulbous head. The beluga is one of the smallest whale species, reaching an average of 13 feet in length, but it can weigh over 3,000 pounds thanks to its thick layer of blubber. Instead of dorsal fins, they have a prominent dorsal ridge. Young beluga whales are grey, but gradually lighten in color as they mature. A beluga whale in the wild has a lifespan of 30-50 years, although some scientists believe they can live as long as 70 years. Beluga whales are unique among whales for several unusual abilities. Because their cervical vertebrae arent fused together as in other whale species, belugas can move their heads in all directions – up and down and side to side. This flexibility likely helps them pursue prey. They also have the unusual habit of shedding their outer layer of skin each summer. The beluga will find a shallow body of water lined with gravel, and rub its skin against the rough stones to scrape the old layer off. What Do Beluga Whales Eat? Beluga whales are opportunistic carnivores. Theyre known to feed on shellfish, mollusks, fish, and other marine life, from squid to snails. The Beluga Whale Life Cycle Beluga whales mate in the spring, and the mother carries her developing calf for 14-15 months. The whale moves to warmer waters before giving birth, because her newborn calf doesnt have enough blubber to survive in the cold. Whales are mammals, and so the beluga calf relies on its mother to nurse for the first few years of its life. A female beluga whale reaches reproductive age between 4 and 7 years old, and can give birth to a calf about every two or three years. Males take longer to reach sexual maturity, at about 7 to 9 years of age. How Are Beluga Whales Classified? The beluga is most closely related to the narwhal, the unicorn whale with a horn on its head. They are the only two members of the family of white whales. Kingdom - Animalia (animals)Phylum - Chordata (organisms with a dorsal nerve cord)Class – Mammalia (mammals)Order – Cetacea (whales, dolphins, and porpoises)Suborder – Odontoceti (toothed whales)Family - Monodontidae (white whales)Genus – DelphinapterusSpecies – Delphinapterus leucas Where Do Beluga Whales Live? Beluga whales inhabit the cold waters of the northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Arctic Sea. They live mainly in the high latitudes around Canada, Greenland, Russia, and Alaska in the U.S. Belugas are sometimes spotted around northern Europe. Beluga whales prefer shallow waters along the coast, and will swim into river basins and estuaries. They dont seem bothered by changes of salinity, which enables them to move from the salty ocean water to freshwater rivers without issue. Are Beluga Whales Endangered? The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) designates the beluga whale as a near threatened species. However, this global designation does not take into account some specific beluga populations that may be at greater risk of decline. Beluga whales were previously designated as vulnerable, and they are still hunted for food and caught for captive display in some parts of their range. Sources: Beluga Whale (Delphinapterus leucas), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration website. Accessed online June 16, 2017. Delphinapterus leucas, IUCN Red List of Threatened Species website. Accessed online June 16, 2017. The mysterious squeaks and whistles of beluga whales, by Lesley Evans Ogden, BBC website, 20 January 2015. Accessed online June 16, 2017.Facts About Beluga Whales, by Alina Bradford, LiveScience website, 19 July 2016. Accessed online June 16, 2017.

Descriptive Essay Saltwater Lake - 1272 Words

The warm humid air seeped through the cracked open windows and into the house. You could hear the sounds of birds chirping in the woods behind the house. â€Å"Sam, wanna go swimming at Saltwater lake!† yelled Ben from the over decorated kitchen into the under decorated living room where I was in. â€Å"Because me and Devyn are going!† Ben yelled again, while I was laying on the couch watching tv, and sipping a ice cold Pepsi (not a paid sponsor). Saltwater Lake is the only lake that has saltwater in it. â€Å"That sounds like fun, but aren t there sharks in that lake, because you know that I hate sharks!† I yelled back, but my voice was kind of trembly because I am terrified of sharks. Nobody knows why I am scared of sharks, I ve never told†¦show more content†¦It was the beginning of summer vacation so we said sure we will go for a little ride. So we got in the boat and we drove off. I asked the stranger. â€Å"So, what is your name† â€Å"Billy† â€Å"Okay† It was kind of awkward but the view was great. We could see bald eagles in the trees, and there was still a little bit of fog left from the morning. When we got out by the deep part of the lake, I realized that this was where the sharks are. So I started to shake and sweat. We are out too far, this is really sketchy. I thought. We stopped. Ben was looking over the edge of the boat into the water, when the stranger pushed him overboard! â€Å"Oh, %$#@† I said, but quickly grabbed my mouth so no other swear words would come out. At first I thought that he was going to get eaten by a shark, but when my adrenaline kicked in I took off my shoes and dove into the water because his head did not reach the surface. My heart was racing as fast as lightning mcqueen. I didn’t even care about that memory and I swam down. Then I saw him and the shark had him! He was struggling so I knew that he was not dead yet. So I swam to the surface to grab a spear gun that I saw before he fell in. So I hopped on the boat and grabbed the gun and told Devyn to grab the other spear gun and jump in. So we both grabbed the spear gun and headed down. By this point he was under water for about 1 min andShow MoreRelatedDescriptive Essay : Saltwater Lake1274 Words   |  6 Pagesin the woods behind the house. â€Å"Sam, wanna go swimming at Saltwater lake!† yelled Ben from the over decorated kitchen into the under decorated living room where I was in. â€Å"Because me and Devyn are going!† Ben yelled again, while I was laying on the couch watching tv, and sipping an ice cold Pepsi (not a paid sponsor). Saltwater Lake is the only lake that has saltwater in it. â€Å"That sounds like fun, but aren t there sharks in that lake, because you know that I hate sharks!† I yelled back, but

Rjft Task free essay sample

The opera has a projected P{2001 operating surplus of $473,002, which is 10% of their total expenses. Comparatively, the symphony has a 0. 01% surplus compared to expenses (Delano, 2005) Leadership Strengths C] Keith Lockhart is an experienced music director that has led the Boston Pops Orchestra, Cincinnati Pops and Cincinnati Orchestra (Group level). Keith Lockhart has also been a guest conduct of the Chicago, Cleveland, Dallas, Los Angles, Montreal, New York.Philadelphia, Singapore, and Toronto orchestras. Lockhart had recently led the Utah Symphony in the 2002 Winter Olympic Games and led the Boston Pops in the prename of Super Bowl XVII (Delano, 2005) 0 Keith Lockhart has past experience creating television shows on PBS (Delano, 2005) C] Scott Parker had spent his career prior to the symphony overseeing hospital mergers.This experience could be beneficial for this particular merger (Delano, 2005) 0 The muscular leadership (bargaining unit) understands that the symphony needs effective fund-raising, a budget strategy that supports a 52-week schedule, a mutually-agreed upon collective bargaining agreement, and an or ganizational structure that protects and enhances artistic excellence (Delano, 2005) Leadership Weaknesses Vacant CEO position that was responsible for leading the symphony as responsibilities that will need to be taken on by others (including potentially Anne herself) (Delano, 2005) 0 Key leadership positions (Keith Lockhart, Ms. Bravely) are skeptical of a merger being successful and are concerned that It would tarnish the image of the symphony (Delano, 2005) CLC Keith Lockhart is someone who needs to be in control of a situation, this could be a problem if he reports to Anne, who will need to make some changes in order to turn around a symphony that is on the verge off deficit rather than a surplus. He is adamant that the length of the season and the number of players not be reduced, so o the musicians to make tough decisions; as the musicians look to Keith to protect their interests. Symphony board and management have had issues getting along Ninth the musicians in the past. Specifically when the board reopened the collective bargaining agreement to lower salaries. It is obvious that the musicians leadership Mould be extra skeptical of any changes that would take place that might negatively Impact the symphony (Delano, 2005) AY a: Steps for Utah Symphony The first and most prevalent action for the symphony is around the decrease in surplus funds heading into FYI 2001. While income is increasing 1%, it is not keeping up with the increase in the expenses.There are several actions that Anne will need to take in order to reverse a continuing decrease in surplus. 1 . An increase in performance revenues might be due to the increase in the number of performances; however, the revenue from those increased performances is not keeping up with the increase in salaries to perform those extra nights. Anne needs to look at why those performances are projected to have lower revenue. For example, would a location change with the same performance increase revenue.If the symphony is playing the same piece for two nights, would it be possible to play two of the five nights in different locations, such as Denver, CO, or San Francisco, CA? 2. Another action that Anne could take on this is to open back up the collective bargaining agreement and try to reduce the salary increases at the rate they are. 3. A third action would be to task a team representing the symphony on how to increase attendance at the symphony. For example, different promotions each night might bring in an audience that would not normally attend. 4.A survey could be sent out to he public to determine the customer satisfaction of the performances. Would the audience be willing to come back to see another performance? Why did the audience decide to come to the symphony performance to begin with? What was their perception of the ticket pricing? 5. Ann.s marketing group could run a last second promotional campaign for reduce ticket prices a week prior to the performances. These reduced pricing could be tailored towards college or high school students, businesses for entertainment purposes, or even match-making web-sites as a last minute dating idea. . Anne will need to look at the total organizational structure of the combined entities. It is highly likely that there will be a number duplicate positions that could be cut or changed. It is expected that at least $kick in salaries amongst the combined staff of the symphony and the opera could be cut. 7. Lastly, Anne could cut down on the number of performances to reduce the expenses (if the contract allows for that). From a leadership perspective, the main weaknesses are a scant CEO position, which makes coverage for the responsibilities of that position difficult, especially in a time of a merger.Secondly, key members such as Keith Lockhart and Ms. Bravely are skeptical and might be unwilling to support a merger. The following actions are recommended for Anne to take in order to alleviate the concern of these leadership Insaneness. 1 . Anne will need to look at the total organizational structure of the combined entities. It is highly likely that there will be a number of duplicate positions position (potentially added to the position of Leslie Peterson from the opera).There Nil also be duplicate positions of director of finance, director of marketing, director of developments, artistic teams and so forth. A merger would absolutely present duplicate position that will need to be cut or reorganized. 2. It will be critical for Anne to layout the groundwork for the merger with defined goals, and cascade those goals down to the opera and symphony so that all parties are aligned. The opera and symphony would each determine their own sets of goals that would support Ann.s goals on the merger.Of course Anne would need to approve each groups goals, but by having each group create their own goals, buying to the merger is much easier. 3. Anne also will need to start a cross-functional team, made up of opera staff and homophony staff that would work together on the details of the merger, such as organizational structure and needed staffing, upcoming productions to ensure that the merger is not interfering, and the team could be an ear for Anne to hear any issues or successes that are happening in each of the segments. . Anne will need to Nor with Keith to help drive fundraising ideas and projects to increase the fundraising to keep the symphony in a healthy position. Keith knows that Anne was successful in increasing the opera annual budget from $1. 5 million to $5 million (Grittier, 2010). While Keith is not excited about a potential structure that Mould have him report to Anne, his bigger concern must be the overall success and financial strength of the symphony. 5. Anne must gain the trust and support of Ms. Bravely in order to better work with the symphony and the community that support the symphony. If the symphony and community know that Ms. Bravely does not support the merger, then Anne will have a difficult time implementing a difficult merger. 6. An inspirational appeal is a tactic that Anne could use to build a merger with Keith Lockhart. Both Keith and Anne want the same things, to have successful artistic expression to their communities. Both Keith and Anne offer strengths that a merger will allow, and a merger might be the only way that the symphony will survive. 7.In order to appease the personality of Keith Lockhart, it is recommended that Keith directly report to the board, but with a dotted line reporting relationship to Anne. Anne and Keith need to be aligned with the goals and objectives of the merger and ensure that their shared goals are aligned with the strategic direction of the merged entities. With Keith Lockhart directly reporting to the board, his artistic reputation is not sacrificed and he would be willing to work Ninth Anne better. A dotted line structure through Anne would be for the benefit of alignment of goals related with the merger, expenses, revenues, and performances.Q: Utah Opera Strengths and Weaknesses Financial Strengths ere opera has a projected PAYOFF operating surplus of $473,002, which is 10% of their total expenses. Comparatively, the symphony has a 0. 01% surplus compared to expenses (Delano, 2005) ere opera contributions is projected to increase from PAYOFF ($2. 190 million) to ($2. 844 million). The PAYOFF contribution represents 56% of the total revenue for the opera. The PAYOFF contribution was 46% of the total revenue, so the operas efforts to make up for a declining performance revenue and government grant were achieved greatly with a much higher contribution.In comparison, the symphony has 37% contribution compared with its total revenue in PAYOFF (Delano, 2005) Financial Weaknesses 0 Performance revenues are only 14% of the total revenue and contribution, as compared to 33% of the symphonies performance revenue (Delano, 2005) 0 The opera has an income of $365,999 projected for the rental of its props to other opera companies; however, the expenses related with the opera renting props ND such is $474,672. Compared with a costume inventory valued at $4. Million, the rental income seems abnormally low (Delano, 2005) 0 The management and general expenses for the opera represent 11% of the revenue and contributions generated. Comparatively, the symphonies management and general expenses represent only 5% of its revenue and contribution (Delano, 2005) Leadership Strengths 0 Anne Ewers has a strong reputation among both the opera and symphony committees as being a good leader (Delano, 2005) Anne Ewers is a proven leader in the operatic business, with retiring a debt of $kickEn she served as general director of the Boston Lyric Opera (Delano, 2005) Anne Ewers is proven at fund-raising, growing the Utah Opera budget from $1. Million annually to over $Million (Delano, 2005) Anne Ewers has good intuition and seems to understand the difficulty of merging artistic entities that seem to have a totally different culture. Leadership Weaknesses 0 Anne Ewers has never led a symphony prior to the opportunity to be the CEO of both groups. Anne Ewers has a reputation of being autocratic, which seems to be proven with her reluctance to have Keith Lockhart port directly to the board so that she is not under minded when making tough decisions. AAA: Steps for Utah Opera Financially, the opera is in a better position than the symphony for long-term success. However, in comparing the two, there are some actions that the opera could take in order to share the synergies of a merger. 1.Anne needs to have the directors of finance, marketing and ticket services from both entities to get together and determine of the opera ticket prices are aligned with prices need to go down (which could drive up revenue with a much higher increase in sales). . The renting of equipment is upside down for the opera. The director of production for the opera needs to analyze the rental charges to others that rent from the Utah Opera, and the rental charges for the Utah Opera to rent other equipment or costumes.Additionally, another goal would be to take an inventory of all equipment and ensure that equipment is not being rented that either the opera has inventory Of, or existing inventory would satisfy the need. 3. Anne will need to look at the total organizational structure of the combined entities. It is highly likely that there will be a umber of duplicate positions that could be cut or changed. Duplicate positions of director of finance, director of marketing, director of developments, artistic teams and so forth should be obvious once the structure is defined.A merger would absolutely present duplicate position that will need to be cut or reorganized, which will lower the management cost ratio that is higher on the opera side than on the symphony side. Between Ann.s lack of experience running a symphony and her reputation for being autocratic, Ann will need to take the following actions. 1. In order to appease he personality of Keith Lockhart, it is recommended that Keith directly report to the board, but with a dotted line reporting relationship to Anne.Anne and Keith need to be aligned with the goals and objectives of the merger and ensure that their shared goals are aligned with the strategic direction of the merged entities. With Keith Lockhart directly reporting to the board, his artistic reputation is not sacrificed and he would be willing to work with Anne better. A dotted line structure through Anne Mould be for the benefit of alignment of goals related with the merger, expenses, revenues, and performances.Having Keith reporting directly to the board sends a signal to the symphony that Anne understands the significance of Kiths contribution, and that her goal in the merger is not to be an autocratic my Nay or the highway mentality. 2. Anne also will need to start a cross-functional team, made up of opera staff and symphony staff that would work together on the details of the merger, such as organizational structure and needed staffing, upcoming productions to ensure that the merger is not interfering, and the team could be an ear for Anne to hear any issues or successes that are happening in each of the segments. . It will be critical for Anne to layout the groundwork for the merger with defined goals, and cascade those goals down to the opera and symphony so that all parties are aligned. The opera and symphony would each determine their own sets of goals that would support Ann.s goals on the merger. Of course Anne would need to approve each groups goals, but by having each group create their own goals, buying to the merger is much easier. AY: Scorecard Aspects Both the symphony and opera are focused on increasing their financial reserves or being more popular.This ells me that they both are driven to succeed long term. Interestingly, both entities Ant to increase fundraising as a critical factor to being financially stable. From a customer-centric standpoint, the two entities are quite different. The symphony goal IS to meet expectations of being world-class performers through hiring of top talent. Being regionally and nationally acclaimed (rather than world-class like the symphony). The opera will focus on sold-out or near sold-out performances as their measure to achieve the goal as compared to the symphony which will use patron surveys for feedback.The two measures are distinctly different, with the sold-out performances being a direct representation of their regional success and also contributing to their financial goals. Internally, both the symphony and opera have similar goals, which is to be more financially stable. ere opera will do this through negotiations with selected performers, whereas the symphony must renegotiate their contract as their critical success factor. The symphonies goals are an effort to control expenses due to fundraising gaps but the operas is more for improved financial stability.It is evident in the internal process Laos that the symphony is not a secure in the finances as the opera. As a measure, the opera will give their performers reviews, which is different than the symphony Which doesnt have a measure rating their musicians). On the learning and growth part of the balanced scorecard, the opera and symphony are also quite different. The symphony is focused on variety of performances to attract younger and varied audience. The symphony will measure this through ticket sales and a returning audience. The opera however isnt looking for variety, but the number of performances increasing to five per year. The critical success factor would be to have increased endowment and ticket sales and will be measured by ticket sale revenue to be able to cover the capital needs of an increased number of shows. The symphony addresses the unfavorable profitability trend through their financial, internal process, and learning and growth sections of their balanced scorecard. The symphony is also addressing the increase in expenses through their internal process strategic goal. He symphony strategic goal for learning and growth does call for a variety of symphonies, but it does not call out Keith Lockhart experience in television as a attention means for that variety. The symphony does address the needed improvement in fund-raising through the financial strategic goal. While a critical success factor for the symphony in the internal process is to renegotiate contracts, it isnt addressing the distrus t that the musicians have for the board of the symphony. There might need to be a metric or a goal for gain sharing tied into the salaries of the musicians in order for all parties to be aligned to be more profitable.The opera has addressed their financial stability strength through their financial, customer, internal process, and learning and growth strategic goals. By having all four strategic goals aligned to their financial, all metrics are aligned to their profitability. Having a strategic goal in the learning and growth to cover their extra capital for the increased number of shows is aligned to a weakness of being negative in rentals. While their internal process is aimed at getting the most out of top performers for the money, it does not address a weakness of management overhead being 11% of their revenue as compared to the symphonies of 5%.There is also not a strategic goal for addressing Anne Ewers autocratic, which may affect the moral of the opera in time. B: Merged Company Balanced Scorecard Combined for symphony and opera p erformances. The business model is to be financially stable in order to continue excellence utilizing top talent that is part of our organization. Financial 0 0 0 Strategic Goal: Integrate the business processes of the two companies Critical Success Factor: Identify best practices of the opera and symphony Measure: Increasing fundraising realized Customer 1 .Strategic Goal: Maintain audience base for both the Utah Opera and the Utah Symphony. 2. Critical Success Factor: High quality performances in a variety of littorals and locations 3. Measure: Attendances rates for performances above 85% to capacity of building where performances are located. Internal Process 0 0 Strategic Goal: Reduce overall expenses as a percentage to profit Critical Success Factor: Maintain top talent through merger while eliminating / reorganizing duplicate positions. 0 Measure: Expense as a percentage of profit should be decreasing.Learning and Growth 0 Strategic Goal: Identify and pursue synergistic opportunities between the two companies. 0 Critical Success Factor: Cooperation in partnership twine the newly merged management and performing employees 0 Measure: Improving profitability with improved ticket sales. C: Merged Company Strengths and Weaknesses Financial Strengths: The organization IS projecting increased fund-raising, so the integration of the business processes strategic goal will should show a positive trend in the next fiscal year.Financial Weaknesses: The overall companys profitability is decreasing in PAYOFF , so it will be critical to identify the synergies of the two organizations quickly in the upcoming fiscal year. Customer Strengths: The organization is aligned to maintain its audience base and improve ticket sales. With that focus, the customer should see performances that are equal to or better than the performances prior to the merger. Customer Weaknesses: With the strategic goal of reducing overall expenses, the customer might see less in the form of the size of the symphony or in the quality of the rentals for the opera.This will need to be balanced with the quality of the show, as to not hurt the strategic objective of maintaining the audience base. Internal Process Strengths: With a strategic goal of pursuing synergistic opportunities, the eely formed company should be positioned to be more efficient in its fund-raising, promotion, training and other areas. Employees should see a more focused company that is sharing resources for the betterment of the company. Internal Process Insaneness: Elimination of positions is inevitable with the strategic goal of reducing overall expenses.This could affect moral and the ability to retain key employees as they could be worried about their own future. Anne Ewers will need to be quick to identify the key talent so that early communication is done prior to the worry of thes e employees. Learning and Growth Strengths: The company should be in a more solid financial position after the merger, which will make expansion for the number of n fundraising will improve the symphonies abilities to achieve a 52-week schedule, Inch was important to the musicians.Learning and Growth Weaknesses: The merging of the two cultures will be difficult and will take time for the two parties to get to know each other. If Anne cant merge the cultures quickly, the sharing of synergies between the two companies will be slowed, which will not suppress for improving ticket sales, and ultimately profit. D: Issues Finance: There could be a risk of contributions decreasing from individual, corporations, or foundations in the near term, especially if the confidence in the giving party is frustrated with the merger or lacks the confidence that the merger will be successful.Human Resources: Either or both the support or the performers could become frustrated with the merger and quit, or strike via the collective bargaining unit. Customer Satisfaction: Customers are going to demand that their investment in ticket for a performance is worth the price of admission. If performances are not as DOD or better than prior to the merger, then word will spread quickly and the public perception will severely decrease ticket sales and put the merger in real Jeopardy of surviving financially. Del: Mitigating Actions Anne must convince the newly formed company that with no change, survival will not happen. Anne needs all employees to embrace the needed change for the merger to be successful and for the symphony and the opera to have a solid future. Anne must unfreeze (Grittier, 2010) the newly combined attitudes that they can survive on their own. The combined company must Ely on each other in order to survive, by sharing ideas and strengths and applying those towards the improvements needed to get the company stable.Once this sense of urgency is established, then Anne can form a cross-functional team to help with the merging efforts; such as communication of changes, inputs to the scorecard, sharing of ideas and a sense of collaboration between the two companies. When Anne and her cross-functional team have the merged plan worked out, this must be communicated to the appropriate parties. The new company must understand the level of change such as the scorecard, the organi zational structure, and the new policies based upon the synergies of the merger. Finally, Anne will need to refreeze (Grittier, 2010) the change to establish it as the new company culture. Newly formed cross-functional teams will be formed to address different areas of the scorecard, gain-sharing can be introduced to give employees empowerment and rewards for hitting goals and to ensure alignment to the scorecard. E: Sources Delano, Thomas and Eager, David (2005). Utah Symphony and Utah Opera: A Merger Proposal. Harvard Business School. Grittier, Robert and Snicks, Angelo 2010). Organizational Behavior. McGraw-Hill Irwin.

The Harlem Renaissance Argumentative Essay Example For Students

The Harlem Renaissance Argumentative Essay The Harlem RenaissanceThe Harlem Renaissance brought about manygreat changes. It was a time for expressing the African-Americanculture. Many famous people began their writing or gained their recognitionduring this time. The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920sand 1930s. Many things came about during the Harlem Renaissance;things such as jazz and blues, poetry, dance, and musical theater. The African-American way of life became the thing. Many white peoplecame to discover this newest art, dancing, music, and literature. The Great Migration of African-American people from the rural South tothe North, and many into Harlem was the cause of this phenomenon. We will write a custom essay on The Harlem Renaissance Argumentative specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Harlem was originally a Dutch settlement. Harlem became one of thelargest African- American communities in the United States, and duringthe Harlem Renaissance became a center for art and literature. Manygreat writers came about during this time, one of which was Langston Hughes. Hughes was born in 1902 with the name James Langston Hughes, and died in1967. He lived most of his adult life in Harlem. He grew upwithout a stable family environment. His father moved to Mexico,and he never really saw much of him. Hughes was often referred toas Harlems poet (Haskins 174). Hughes had and still has a greatinfluence on poetry. Hughes poetry was a reflection of theAfrican-American culture and Harlem. He wrote many poems, and continuedto write even after the Harlem Renaissance. He loved Harlem thatwas his home. He watched it decline with the onset of the Great Depression. He saw Harlem turn into a place to be feared by many. It was a sadand dangerous place to be, after the depression. Hughes describedthe impact of the Great Depression upon African-Americans, The depressionbrought everyone down a peg or two. And the Negro had but a few pegsto fall (Haskins 174). Langston Hughes valued the teaching of children. Many of his poems are childrens poems. He often traveled to schoolsand read his poetry. His first published works were in a childrensmagazine during the 1920s. He published a book of ABCs called TheSweet and Sour Animal Book. He wanted to inspire the youth, and makethem feel good about themselves. He did not only write poetry, butthat is what he is famous for. Much of his poetry talks of the hardships,poverty, inequality, etc. of the African-American people. His workhas inspired many people, and is read by many students and scholars. He is a great positive role model. I personally love his poetry. It describes these problems within our society that still have yet to beresolved. It opens the readers eyes to the many disadvantages that manypeople have suffered through and are still trying to overcome. Hughes writes about how the African-Americanpeople have been all over the world. In The Negro Speaks of Rivershe talks about them bathing in the Euphrates, building huts by the Congo,and singing of the Mississippi. I think that this poem is showinghow these people are everywhere. That in America we act as if theyare subordinate, but he is saying to the white people, look at all my racehas accomplished. We built the pyramids, and we have been aroundas long as these rivers. This is a positive poem. It does nottalk directly about racism nor puts down the white race for being prejudiced(Lauter 1612-13). In the poem, I, Too he describes how he is also partof what America is. Even if he is sent to eat in the kitchen, heis as much a part as anyone else. One day he will not be made tohide and eat in the kitchen. One day people will see that African-Americansare beautiful people, and will be ashamed of how they were treated. .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226 , .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226 .postImageUrl , .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226 , .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226:hover , .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226:visited , .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226:active { border:0!important; } .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226:active , .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226 .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1a8cf690a3f9d2b6ccdffa835524a226:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Study Guide Unit 5 Exam: European Renaissance ReformationThis poem gives hope to the black community. It makes them yearnfor the day when equality will come and racism will end. Too badthat the day has still not yet come in this century (Lauter 1618). In his poem, Harlem this is addressed. He wonders what happensto dreams that are deferred. How long must one still dream of somethingthat seems like it will never come. The African-American people havebeen waiting to be seen as equal for many years, yet it still seems soout of reach. His poetry seems to address this over and over again(Lauter 1619). In The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain, a youngNegro poet said, I want to be a poet-not a Negro poet (Lauter 1629). It also describes how many middle class blacks tried to be more like awhite person. To disown their heritage in a way and become partof white America. He talks about how they should learn to appreciatetheir diversity and their culture. The blacks should be proud oftheir individuality. He thinks that many blacks are taught by whiteteachers, see white books and pictures, white papers, and then want tobe what they are seeing. Why should I want to be white? I am a Negro-andbeautiful (Lauter 1632). African-Americans must be themselves andbuild a foundation for the future blacks to stand upon so they can finallybe free within selves (Lauter 1632). He still carries thehope that one day his people will become equal, and that they can be appreciatedfor all that they have done for America (Lauter 1629-32). James Langston Hughes will always be knownas a great poet who did so much to make his race move toward equality. He wrote many inspirational poems. He wanted to reach a younger generationand show them that they can be successful. He wanted the childrento be proud of who they are, and to excel in literature. He was partof something great. That something great was the Harlem Renaissance. It was a time of change. A time of happiness for the most part. A time when many people realized that there were many talented African-Americans. A time for new things and a new way of doing things. Jazz and Bluesbecame popular. White people came to Harlem to see how blacks danced,and what music they listened to. Harlem became a very hip place. The arts flourished all around Harlem. People were having fun. This influenced many people and ways that still are around today. The influence of the music can still be heard in some of our music today. Many authors today were inspired by those of the Harlem Renaissance. It was a great time for the African- American community, but at the sametime it caused fighting between the middle class and poorer blacks. The feeling of inequality still existed, but at least African-Americanswere finally getting some recognition for some of the wonderful accomplishmentsthat they have made. Works CitedHaskins, Jim. The Harlem Renaissance. Brookfield, Conn: Millbrook Press, 1996. Hughes, Langston. Harlem.The Heath Anthology of American Literature. 3rd ed. Ed. Paul Lauter. New York: HoughtonMifflin Company, 1998. 1619. Hughes, Langston. I, Too.Lauter 1618. Hughes, Langston. The NegroArtist and the Racial Mountain. Lauter 1629-32. Hughes, Langston. The NegroSpeaks of Rivers. Lauter 1612-13.